Memory transfer language as a tool for visualization-based-pedagogy

In this paper, MTL, an approach for visualization-based pedagogy, is analyzed and contextualized in both Cognitive Load Theory (CLT) and Dual Coding Theory (DCT). Through MTL, lectures, tutorials, laboratory sessions and individual study in learning and teaching programming are all carried out using two cognitive channels; verbal and non-verbal. RAM diagrams together with animations are used to visualize (represent the images of) codes, while text and voice are used for verbal presentations. A class experiment was carried out to evaluate the impact of using MTL together with animations in teaching programming The chi-square test results revealed that, students' performance on one question (question 1) was significantly (p < 0.0001) higher for the experimental group (23.53%) as compared to the control group (1.89%) Similarly, the results of the chi-square test revealed that, students' performance on another question (question 2) was significantly (p < 0.0001) higher for the experimental group (23.53%) as compared to the control group (1.14%). It is concluded that the MTL approach enhances comprehension since it allows the use of two cognitive channels, which, in turn, reduces cognitive load.