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Reflective Practice in Higher Education Institutions: Exploring Teachers’ Reflective Experiences and Challenges in Ethiopian Public Universities
By Hailay Tesfay Gebremariam
Teachers are the most important resource in any school system. However, operating at the intersection of knowledge, skills, and the transmission capacity of values through reflective practice can be challenging. This study focuses on the experience and challenges of teachers in higher education institutions (HEIs) in Ethiopian public universities when it comes to reflective practice. To achieve our objective, we used a descriptive survey research design with a mixed research approach to collect primary data from 140 HEIs teachers (127 male and 13 female) at four public universities in Ethiopia. We employed a random sampling technique and utilized questionnaires, and interviews. We used two types of questions to gather data: one to assess the teachers’ experience with reflective practice and levels of instruction, and the other to identify problems and instruction levels. Qualitative data were analyzed through subject description, while quantitative data were tested using descriptive, Pearson correlation, and univariate analysis of ANOVA statistics. The results indicate that the experience of HEIs teachers reveals significant associations in all favorable aspects of reflective practice components (i.e., reflection-in-action, reflection-on-action, reflection-with-action, and self-appraisal). However, some teachers agreed or disagreed that they faced challenges in their teaching experience. Some problems encountered were agreed upon, while others were not. Based on these findings, we provide recommendations for improvement. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2024.
Primary school teachers’ assessment for learning practice for students’ learning improvement
By Hailay Tesfay Gebremariam
Assessment for learning practice and learning improvement are the two vital variables in this study. This article explores primary school teachers’ assessments for learning practices for student learning improvement. The participants (n = 242) were selected through a cluster random sampling techniques for a questionnaire survey from the target primary schools to meet the research objective of this study. Among the total participants 15 teachers for an in-depth interview, and five for informal conversations were randomly selected through purposive sampling. The data collected through closed-ended questionnaire were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, analysis of variance and post-hoc methods. To analyze the qualitative data acquired through interview and informal conversation, thematic verbal descriptions were employed. Conversely, the findings indicated that the primary school teachers had highly positive classroom environments practice, moderate positive learning intentions and success, feedback in assessment practices, and self- and peer-assessment practices toward learning assessment. Although, the findings from the quantitative data showed that the primary school teachers had high and moderate assessments for learning practice, the interviews revealed that they had low confidence in learning practice assessments owing to challenges faced during practice. These overall challenges relate to transparency, experience, training, school problems, and preference reliance. Finally, based on the study’s implications, recommendations are made for future directions of studies that will allow better comprehension of the assessment for learning practice in relation to the students’ learning improvement. Copyright © 2023 Gebremariam and Gedamu.
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