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Factors affecting female enrolment in technical and vocational education and training institutions in sub-Saharan Africa: insights from north-western Ghana
By Abdul-Moomin Adams
This study analysed the trends in enrolment and access to Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) at the second cycle level in Ghana to ascertain the factors affecting female enrolment in TVET in sub-Saharan Africa. A cross-sectional survey design was employed to collect data from 180 respondents using survey questionnaires. The results showed that there exists about a 51.6% gender gap in enrolment for the past five academic years. The major constraint to female enrolment and academic progression in TVET was the high cost of materials and equipment required for practical sessions in TVET programmes. In addition, the lack of female role models in TVET, including derogatory remarks by the public that portrays TVET as inferior, affects female enrolment in TVET programmes. There is, therefore, the need for public education and sensitisation on the prospects of female participation in TVET in Ghana and other developing counties, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Condition of water, sanitation and hygiene (WaSH) in Ghana’s basic schools: Empirical evidence from Wa municipality
By Nuhu Ismaila
Access to functional water, sanitation and hygiene (WaSH) systems is a necessity for safe health and a fundamental determinant of human well-being. As a result, constant monitoring, tracking and bridging of the gaps in access to WaSH is a global public health requirement. Developing countries are currently disadvantaged in this era of the COVID-19 outbreak, particularly in the area of school-based WaSH. This study assesses the present condition and challenges hindering access to school-based WaSH in the Wa Municipality. Primary data involving 145 health teachers were sourced using survey questionnaires and supported with ocular assessment. Results show that basic schools in the Wa Municipality currently have in place some sort of WaSH facilities, thereby meeting the availability criteria to a large extent. However, these schools do not meet the remaining standards – functionality, accessibility, maintenance and quality of services, education and prac-tices. The major factors affecting the sustainable operationalisation of the school-based WaSH are poor maintenance and inadequate funding of WaSH infrastructure. The school-based WaSH in Ghana requires rapt policy attention if the quest to attain Sustainable Development Goal 6 by 2030 is to be achieved. © 2023 The Authors.
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